DIY Solar Panels World » Solar Power Generator

“Who Else Wants to Build DIY Solar Panels?”

admin — Sun, 11 Dec 2011 22:00:24 +0000

If you’re interested in making DIY solar panels, this may be the most important place you discovered. Here’s why…

For every curiosity you have in your mind, there will almost certainly be a resource available to satisfy it.

Whether you want to build a solar panel by connecting individual photovoltaic (PV) cells or buy it retail… whether you are a do-it-yourself, homemade guy or a swear-by-a-brand person, we have mini-resources prepared for you.

Otherwise just write to us to request for it…and we’ll get it up just for you.

In the future, we’ll broaden our scope to include bits and pieces of other types of renewable energy generator like wind turbines.

For starters, you can browse the following pages to get up to speed with the DIY solar power world. Tell me what you think:

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How To Choose Suitable Batteries For Your Solar Panels

admin — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 21:59:37 +0000

Solar panel batteries are very important for both off-grid and grid-tie solar panel systems (as backup power). Choosing the correct type of battery is crucial. It determines whether your solar power generator can supply you with electricity without interruption.

Some batteries require maintenance. If they are not cared for, their chemical properties can be affected. This leads to premature failure. Other batteries do not require maintenance, but may not be suitable for solar applications. Before buying batteries, you have to consider each model’s characteristics and see if it fits your intended use.

Let’s consider 3 types of rechargeable batteries we commonly see in the market: Lead-Acid batteries, Alkaline Batteries and Sealed Gel-Cell Batteries.

There are pros and cons to each type of battery, so let’s look deeper.

Flooded Lead-Acid Battery

This type of battery was used since homeowners began to install solar panels on their roofs. They have the longest proven track record. (Thus you can consider them to be pretty reliable.)

In fact, most off-grid solar power systems use this type of battery. This is because they have the longest lifespan and are the cheapest among different types of batteries (in terms of cost per amp-hour).

However these batteries require regular maintenance. You have to water it regularly, equalize the charge and clean the terminals frequently.

Flooded lead-acid batteries commonly used for photovoltaic systems include 6V golf cart batteries, 6V L-16 batteries and 2V industrial cells.

Absorbed Glass Mat Sealed Lead Acid Battery (AGM)

Sealed lead acid batteries gained popularity as their price came down. Unlike flooded lead-acid batteries, they do not require as much maintenance. They are ideal for grid-tied PV systems that use rechargeable batteries as backup.

AGMs are completely sealed. Therefore there is no danger of spilling and they do not need frequent watering or charge equalizing. It is designed such that no corrosive fumes are emitted. Its electrolyte also does not stratify.

During storage (or transportation), an AGM’s self-discharge rate is less than 2%. Thus they are popular with any setups that do not require frequent battery use.

AGMs are highly resistant to any forms of vibration, thus they are ideally suited for mobile solar power systems installed on vehicles and boats.

These batteries used to be very expensive. As such, they were only installed on commercial systems where maintenance was impractical or near impossible.

Today, AGMs are only slightly more expensive than other battery types. Thus many homeowners are willing to sacrifice some money for the sake of convenience.

Gelled Electrolyte Sealed Lead Acid

Gelled lead acid batteries are quite similar to AGMs in terms of its advantages. There is one important distinction, though. Gelled electrolyte is very viscous. Therefore recombination of gases generated while charging takes place at a very slow pace.

This means you can only charge them slowly…much slower than AGMs and flooded lead acid cells. If they are charged quickly, gas bubbles form on the metal plates. This reduces electrolyte contact. As a result, the battery’s capacity is temporarily limited until the bubbles find its way to the top of the electrolyte.

For off-grid solar power systems, this characteristic is not helpful. During the day when solar panels generate electricity, you have to store as much power as possible. If the charging rate is low, a lot of power is wasted. Therefore such batteries are more suited for grid-tied systems where the majority of electrical current is channeled back to the grid.

Deep Cycle or Shallow Cycle?

The battery is an important component of your solar power system. Thus its performance and longevity is of utmost importance.

For solar applications deep cycle batteries are used. Compared to shallow cycle batteries, deep cycle batteries can be repeatedly discharged to 80% of its depth of discharge (DOD) and can be recharged from this state without damage.

Commonly batteries used in automotives and lighting belongs to the shallow cycle type. These are not suitable for a PV system. The lead plates in these batteries are thin and have a large surface area. Even though it can provide a high current in a short time, these batteries cannot be discharged deeply without damage. At least deep discharge cycles can shorten their lifespan quickly.

Deep cycle batteries have thicker lead plates and less surface area in contact with the electrolyte. As such, these batteries produce less current than a shallow cycle battery. However deep cycle batteries can sustain its current over a long period of time (unlike shallow cycle batteries), which is ideal for solar power applications.

Deep cycling puts a toll on your battery’s lifespan. This applies to deep cycle batteries too. Therefore if you want batteries to last longer, use deep cycle batteries and shallow cycle them (as much as possible).

Storing Your Batteries

Place your battery bank indoor where it is warm. Batteries work best when they are about 25 degree Celsius. If batteries are cold, chemical reactions slow down. Therefore less current flows out of the batteries. You may have experienced trouble starting your car in cold weather. But when the battery warms up, its performance improves dramatically.

On the other hand, batteries cannot be exposed to high temperatures too. At 43 degree Celsius, rechargeable batteries can be damaged and their lifespan shortened drastically.

When buying batteries, you must remember there is no perfect system. Energy is lost to heat (or other forms) as it flows from one component to another. When electricity flows into your batteries, some of it is lost.

Therefore you have to factor this into your decision and get more batteries to compensate for power loss. As a rule of thumb, you should have 10 to 15% more power storage (batteries) than what you need.

Maintenance

Batteries need maintenance. Make sure you keep the electrolyte at full level, as much as possible. If not, you must at least keep it above the minimum level. Otherwise the plates may get exposed to air. When refilling, use distilled water.

Water is lost as gassing occurs. This is a process of splitting water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. It occurs during charging when the chemical reaction cannot keep up with the energy input.

In flooded lead acid cells, some gassing is useful. It introduce movements in the electrolyte and prevents stratification. Denser acid tends to stay at the bottom and they are stirred as gassing occurs.

As a result of gassing, an acid mist is formed and this is highly corrosive. Therefore you have to check the metallic connectors for signs of corrosion or damage from time to time. Clean the top of your batteries regularly with baking soda and water. Baking soda, being alkaline, will neutralize the acid on the battery and connector surface.

Other than refilling and wiping your batteries, you must also equalize them every 2 to 3 months. (This should be done in a well-ventilated place.) During this process, increased gassing occurs and this cause the water level to drop.

To equalize your battery, simply overcharge it under a controlled voltage for a period of time. While doing so, your battery must be closely monitored. You must keep measuring the specific gravity values of the electrolyte. It increases as you equalize the battery. When there is no change in specific gravity reading for 30 minutes, the equalization process is completed.

Used Or New?

When buying batteries, it is tempting to spend less money by purchasing pre-owned stock. This is understandable. After all batteries are not cheap. And expensive batteries don’t mean they are good or suitable.

The issue with used batteries is you won’t immediately know how they were used and maintained. If you send them for load testing, you can find out their remaining lifespan. Otherwise they can turn out to be the most expensive batteries in the market.

When you find out facts and use simple logic to your decision making process, you will find batteries that can last for ages without failing.

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10 Reasons Why You Should Build Your Own Solar Panel

admin — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 10:01:53 +0000

Build Your Own Solar Panel

If you’re a DIY guy yet need more reasons to cajole you to build your own solar panel, here are ten most important reasons why other DIY-ers like yourself are persuaded to build their own solar power generator. Here they are:

Reason #1: Building your own solar panel is very cost effective. It is a lot cheaper than buying comparable retail panels.

Reason #2: Building your own solar panel takes only less than a week and it is relatively easy to do if you follow a plan.

Reason #3: You’ll get the satisfaction of being able to create something useful with your own hands…and when you see your project powering up your gadgets and appliances, you’ll be filled with warm delight.

Reason #4: After the solar panel system is built, it keeps giving back to you and requires almost no maintenance at all.

Reason #5: It is an environmentally friendly thing to do and you are giving back to Mother Earth.

Reason #6: It gets the whole family together and it gives the kids a solid understanding about solar powered systems.

Reason #7: It usually takes you less than 2 years for your DIY solar panels to payback what they cost…as contrast to an average of 15 years payback period for commercial-grade solar panels.

Reason #8: Making your own solar panel forces you to get outdoors and get the less-exercised part of your body (and brain) moving.

Reason #9: It challenges you to get creative on what else you can use the solar panels for. (Mainly electronic gadgets comes to most people’s mind)

Reason #10: It’s always a talking point whenever there’re visitors. It makes you feel great as you see the “wow” on your friend’s face!

I hope these heartfelt reasons resonate with you…enough to get you working on your own project soon.

However, also allow me be a little straightforward with you. Building your own solar panel is not a task that you can accomplish with great ease. There are hidden pitfalls if you’re building a solar panel for the first time. This may result in loss of time and money.

Therefore before you build your own solar panel for the first time, go seek someone experienced to guide you along. Otherwise you can get good instructions to show you the ropes.

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Homemade Solar Panels – Should You Even Roll Up Your Sleeves To Build One?

admin — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 09:59:56 +0000

It is 100% possible to build those homemade solar panels you see in books or on the Internet. However this may not be the best direction for everyone. Honestly.

So how do you know if building a do-it-yourself solar panel is the right thing for you?

There are a few guidelines that can help you along. In this way, you won’t ever have to get into a project just to abandon it mid-stream.

You should build your own DIY solar panel if:

1. You are able to work with simple tools and have a weekend to spare

Thankfully, all it takes to build a reasonably sized solar panel are simple tools and a weekend. If you have browsed through the free book titled “How To Build A Solar Panel”, you’ll understand it doesn’t take much. (Download it now, if you haven’t…)

This assumes you have already gathered all your materials and have them cut to size. In fact, if you already had some DIY experience, you can even build a solar panel (not the complete set to power your entire home) in an afternoon.

However do note that integrating your inverter and the battery bank into your power system certainly requires planning and installation. And this takes up time as well.

2. You are not willing to invest much into a solar power generator

Cost is the main reason people build their own solar panels. This is understandable. You can easily burn at least $20,000 (depending on the size of your house) to install a solar energy generator. And things are not getting any cheaper…

With homemade solar panels, you’ll only have to part with a fraction of this cost. This means you’ll get your returns on investment sooner. And your home may be worth a lot more than it originally was without spending a ton of money. In some states, you can receive tax breaks just by using renewable energy like solar power.

In terms of dollars and cents, it certainly makes sense to build your own photovoltaic panels.

Of course, there is no point in starting a DIY project if you simply have no time or are totally uninterested in picking up even a screwdriver to put the solar panel frame together.

Needless to say, if you have spare cash (to the tune of $20,000) to burn, it can be quite fun to watch the contractors climb onto your roof to slap on a few pieces of solar panels while you sit at your garden with a can of beer in your hand.

Seriously, you have to take some time to decide for yourself if building homemade solar panels is for you. Otherwise you can start a DIY solar panel project and leave it uncompleted, shelving it for years in your garage.

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Before You Install Solar Panels, Plug All Your Air Leakages

admin — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 22:00:19 +0000

Sealing Off A Crack

Before you install solar panels, you need to perform an energy audit.

This serves a two-fold purpose – to determine the size of your solar power generator and to identify sources of energy wastage that can be avoided.

As you are doing your household energy audit, it is useful to check for air leaks. They account for as much as 5 to 30 percent of your energy wastage (when it comes to heating).

If your windows and doors are closed and you feel an air draft, you have a good chance of cutting down wastage simply by plugging the leaks.

The best time to test for air leaks is when it’s cold outside and warm inside. You can feel cold air quite easily this way.

A pressure test can quickly surface any leakages around your house. All you have to do is close your doors and windows, turn off all heaters and turn on your exhaust fans to full blast.

In this way, the pressure inside your house is slightly lower than the outside. Thus more air will flow through those leakages to equalize the difference in pressure.

Go around the house and look for leaks. Pay more attention to windows, doors, electrical outlets, switches, hatches and joints. Once you find a leak, mark them out immediately.

Before you seal off those leaks, you have to turn off the exhaust fans.

You can use transparent silicon caulk to plug all your air leakages. The best way to handle this is to use a caulking gun that has a pressure relief gasket. This allows good control of silicon flow as you plug those leaks.

Another way to plug air leaks is to use an aerosol can of expandable insulation. This is difficult to use, initially, as it is hard to control its flow. But it works very well. So if it’s your first time using this, get some practice on used magazines.

There may be several places that leak air. Windows and doors are easy to handle. But if you have to climb up to your roof, remember to take precaution so you won’t risk falling.

After you’re done plugging up the leaks, repeat the pressure test. Then mark out those areas you have to work on again and get cracking.

You can also check for leaks outdoor. Most often, they appear in cracks, around faucets, pipes, electrical wiring and electrical outlets. Unfortunately there is no way you can feel for air leaks outside your house.

The only way to handle this is to do a visual inspection. If you suspect a leak, give that area a touch of silicon caulk.

After you are done plugging all your air leaks, your heating system can be more efficient. Thus your indoor temperature can be maintained using less energy.

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Can You Really Make Your Own Homemade Solar Panels At Your Backyard?

admin — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 10:00:12 +0000

You may have heard many people talking about building their own homemade solar panels at their backyard. Using their DIY skills, they are able to save hundreds on utility bills and thousands on hardware costs.

But are their claims credible? And if it is really possible to build your own solar panels at home, what are the skills, tools and materials needed?

This article goes further to find out whether it is really true that you can build your own home solar panel system for only a few hundred dollars.

Making Your Own Solar Panels

There are many solar panel manufacturers in the market. Some examples are Sharp, Suntech, First Solar, JA Solar, Yingli Solar, Trina Solar, Motech, Qcell, Canadian Solar, Gintech, BE Solar, et cetera. The components that they use to make commercial solar panels are can be found in the consumer market.

The main parts they use to make solar panels are solar cells, a solar panel frame, diodes, solar tabbing wires, a piece of glass (as cover) and a substrate. You can purchase these components easily on the Internet.

Therefore if you have DIY skills to put these components together, you can make your own homemade solar panel. After all, those people who work at the assembly lines producing PV panels do not possess special talent. Neither do they have extraordinary skills. All of them are trained to perform repetitive tasks that are as simple as household chores.

However, if you want to build your own solar panels at home, you’ll have to design your own circuit. Otherwise you’ll need to follow a proven blueprint. If not your solar panels may not provide your with your desired voltage and current output.

Thankfully, construction plans and electrical wiring charts are available on the Internet or bookstores. Once you choose the correct design for your house, you can simply follow its design to make your own solar power generator.

Ok…so what does it take to build a homemade PV panel?

Surprisingly, to build something as advanced as a solar panel, all you need are the following skills:

a. Soldering

You have to do a lot of soldering and do it well. Dry and cracked joints introduce unnecessary electrical resistance, which affects the performance of your PV panel.

b. Using adhesive and sealants

You have to know how to adhere the solar cells onto the substrate. On top of this, you’ll want to encapsulate you solar panel properly. Thus you have to learn how to use sealants as well. Thankfully, most people get proficient in applying silicone elastomer after only 5 minutes of practice.

c. Sawing and filing

If you are building everything from scratch, you’ll have to know how to cut aluminum angles and file its burrs away. Otherwise you can always buy ready-made aluminum manufactured specially for building DIY solar panels. The substrate and glass cover can also be cut to size before they are delivered to you.

So far so good…it seems if you are interested in making DIY solar panels, only basic skills are needed.

What about the cost?

After adding up the total solar component costs, I’d conclude that you are indeed able to make a solar panel without spending more than one hundred dollars.

For this amount, you will be able to make a wooden-framed solar panel that produces at most 60 watts of power at 18 volts. This is sufficient to charge a 12-volt battery.

However most people wouldn’t only want to charge 12-volt batteries. They want to power their entire house with solar electricity! Thus if you intend to install a (sizable) 5-kilowatt system, you’ll need about 84 pieces of homemade solar panels.

At this scale, you’ll need to spend at least $8,400 to complete your home solar power project. And you’ll have to take time to make all 84 panels over a period of time.

Fortunately, you don’t have to wait till you build all the solar panels in order to enjoy the fruits of your labor. You can build your first few PV panels, and then add more when you have the time and money.

So far, this cost only involves PV panels. You’ll also be required to buy inverters and deep-cycle rechargeable batteries. Inverters are not as costly as batteries, but good ones can set you back by a few thousand dollars.

If you build a grid-tied (or intertie) solar energy system, you won’t need rechargeable batteries. For off-grid systems, you’ll require many rechargeable batteries to provide you with electricity during the night when there is no sunlight.

All in all, you’ll have to spend more than $10,000++ if you want to build a 5-kilowatt solar energy system. Thus all that talk about being able to build solar panels that can power your house for only a few hundred dollars is B.S.

With this budget, you can only build a very small solar power system that can run your workstation. But the good news (as I mentioned) is you can start small, and then add more solar panels when you have more resources.

Note: Buying budget solar cells with low efficiency only takes up more roof space. It’ll be better for you to spend a little more to buy good solar cells so each panel can provide you with much more power.

After all, can your roof really hold all 84 PV panels? …

I understand the costs involved. And I really want to build my own solar panels. How do I begin?

The best way to start is by getting some education. Even if you are building your homemade solar panels according to a blueprint, you have to understand why you are doing what you are doing.

It doesn’t make sense to follow any instructions blindly. When it comes to photovoltaic projects, incomplete understanding doesn’t help at all.

You may end up with solar panels that don’t perform to expectation. In the end, you’ll only be wasting your time, effort and money. In the worst case, you may end up damaging your solar cells.

There are many books available on the Internet, bookstores and in the library that can help you.

As you read through these materials, understand the general principles behind solar electricity generation. Then get familiar with each part of the home solar power system. If you can, learn how to do solar calculations.

With this, you’ll be able to make sense of what you are doing as you follow a blueprint. And you’ll be proud of yourself for making your own homemade solar panels that actually provides electricity for your household.

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Sizing Your Solar Energy Panels – Part 3

admin — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 21:59:48 +0000

: Image via Wikipedia

This is the third and final part of the “Sizing Your Solar Energy Panels” series. Have you done some calculations for your future solar power system yet? If you have been doing those mini exercises, you’ll most likely find a suitable solar panel for your home by now.

The next step requires us to find an appropriate-sized battery bank, inverter and charge controller. Let’s look at each of these:

1. The Inverter

The inverter you choose has to be sized according to the demands of the alternating current (AC) side of the circuit. Therefore you will choose a specification according to the loads in your house (with a little buffer in case you increase your loads over time). Pretty straightforward.

2. The Charge Controller

You’ll at least need a basic charge controller to begin with. Until you get fussy about how advanced you want this component to be, more affordable models will do just fine. You’ll need to get a specification that fits the output current (Amps) of your solar panel arrays. If you intend to scale up your solar power generator, you’ll do better with a larger charge controller with room to accommodate more solar panels than with two smaller-sized ones.

3. The Battery Bank

The size of your battery bank depends on how you want to use your solar panels. You can size your battery banks such that it can get you through thick clouds that pass by, or you can size them so you can get through three solid days of solar eclipse and a power outage at the same time. It really depends on you. But take note that over-sizing isn’t always realistic. You have to take into consideration the space they occupy and the how much they’ll cost you.

If your home is grid-tied, provided there aren’t frequent power outages, the size of your battery bank isn’t critical. Just size it to take care of cloudy days will do. You can still maintain your lifestyle by drawing power from the grid.

When you design your battery bank, you’ll have less power loss (through wires) if the voltage is higher. If you are able to design a 48-volt system, you can conserve more power than when you use a 24-volt or 12-volt system.

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Benefits Of Using Residential Solar Panels

admin — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 09:59:41 +0000

Image via Wikipedia

There are two major benefits to using residential solar panels. First, you can reduce pollution as you rely less on the burning of fossil fuel. Second, you can get a very good return on investment on your photovoltaic panels — these are always double digit returns, much better than Wall-Street-types investment with only single digit paybacks.

Other than these two benefits, there are more that people seldom heard of. But these can be significant when added together:

1. Government subsidies

Many state governors have realized the importance of using renewable energy. Therefore rebates, tax breaks and subsidies are given to households that use renewable energy to power their homes. The total discount on a system may be more than you imagine…sometimes more than 50%. Therefore do check what you’re eligible for.

2. Electricity Bill Hedging

Fuel is consistently increasing in price due to inflation and diminishing supply. But whatever the cost of fossil fuel may be in the future, there is no need for you to pay an extra cent if your solar power generator can supply all your energy needs. The grand total of your bills will still amount to $0. Isn’t that great?

3. Property Appreciation

Properties installed with solar panels are worth more than those without. This is obvious, since solar power generators are assets that can help the household lower their monthly electricity bills dramatically. Having PV panels in your property will not increase your property tax. Therefore it is a priceless item that can maximize the value of your home.

When we install solar panels on our property, we always look for numbers like cost per watt or payback period.. With the above benefits such as government incentives and rebates factored in, we’ll find these numbers become more attractive. Moreover, there are also many intangible benefits like environmental protection that comes along with your PV “toy”.

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Cost Of Using Residential Solar Panels

admin — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 21:59:44 +0000

: Image by bsterling via Flickr

There are obviously costs involved in setting up residential solar panels. Today, we’re going to look at these and balance them up with the financial gains you’ll experience. It’s a busy day, so let’s get right in:

Cost #1: Equipment.

Equipment forms the largest part of the entire solar power setup. These are PV panels, inverters, battery bank, regulators, et cetera. Equipment cost can be spread out over time if you want to expand your solar power generator over time. Perhaps your goal is to be able to build up one more solar panel every weekend. Thus your cost really spreads out over time. It can really be less taxing on your wallet this way.

Cost #2: Installation

If you want to do the installation yourself, you won’t have to worry about this cost. But if you want to get a professional or contractor to do it for you, remember o budget for this as well.

Cost #3: Interest

If you took up a loan to pay for your PV panels and other photovoltaic components, the interest is going to build up and this must be factored into the overall cost as well.

Cost #4: Permits, Fees and Taxes

In some locations, you’ll need to pay for permits and fees when you install solar panels over your roof or on your property. Generally, most states let you install solar panels without imposing taxes on them. But be sure to check with your local authorities so you know if you need to pay for any taxes.

Cost #5: Clearing Refuse

If you need someone to clear out any refuse for you, you may need to pay for their service.

Now these are all costs…how about the benefits, I hear you ask. Well, here are the financial gains you’ll enjoy:

Benefit #1: Lower Energy Bills

The most obvious benefit is the reduced (or eliminated) electricity bills. If you are adding solar panels gradually to your collection of “solar harvesters”, your energy bills will gradually reduce and may finally be eliminated.

Benefit #2: Hedge Against The Rising Cost of Energy

The cost of energy is set to rise as inflation and scarcity forces its price upward over the long term. We all experience this effect — everything seems to get more expensive! Yet when you’re tapping energy from the sun, it doesn’t get more expensive then when you first bought the photovoltaic equipment. Therefore while the rest of the world pays for electricity through their nose, you can quietly enjoy cheap electricity using solar panels.

Benefit #3: Appreciation

The price of your property will probably appreciate because you installed an asset. Depending on the valuation, you may get back what you paid for. This mean you’re really using all the energy for free through the years. If you built your own residential solar panels, you’re definitely going to get back more than you invested in equipment and other photovoltaic components.

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Solor Panel Inverters – Synchronous Solar Panel Inverters

admin — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 10:01:16 +0000

: Image via Wikipedia

Let’s take a look at Synchronous Solar Panel Inverters…

2. Synchronous Solar Panel Inverters

Synchronous solar panel inverters are also called Grid-Tie Inverters. If you want to have a grid-tied solar power generator, a synchronous solar power inverter will suit you well.

This type of inverter takes the electricity generated by your solar generator and feeds it to the distribution panel in your home. The power is either used by the appliances at home or flows out to the utility grid. If you generate excess power, you are able to sell the energy to your utility company at the rate you’re charged.

When there is no solar energy available during cloudy days (and at night), the system seamlessly taps into the grid supply to make up the difference in power.

As such, you are able to use energy from the grid or from the photovoltaic panels. With this design, you will not need to worry about an increase in energy consumption. In case the solar panel system you design is a little too small, you can use the grid power to supplement your consumption.

Next, let’s go see what a Multifunction Solar Panel Inverter can do for us…

Click Here To Read More About Multifunction Solar Panel Inverters

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